Delaney, Amanda, Ward, Heather, Cameron, Max, and Williams, Allen F. “Controversies and Speed Cameras: Lessons Learnt Internationally.” Journal of Public Health Policy 26.4 (2005): 404-415. JSTOR. Web. 10 March 2013.

            In an article entitled “Controversies and Speed Cameras: Lessons Learnt Internationally”, the authors Delaney, Ward, Cameron, and Williams consider the controversial subject of speeding and cameras used by municipalities to enforce speed limit laws.  They consider the subject globally in such countries as Australia and Great Britain as well as within North America in terms of parameters such as fairness, revenue, reliability, and privacy.  The authors examine the subject internationally with such parameters in mind to stress that such cameras have been successful in enforcing speed limit laws in order to counter the argument that the cameras are controversial in consideration of the mentioned parameters. The article is seen as intended for leaders of municipalities considering the use of speeding cameras in their locales considering the advantages and flaws of such technological use in enforcing speeding laws.

Gazis, Denos, Herman, Robert, and Maradudin, Alexei. “The Problem of the Amber Signal Light in Traffic Flow.” Operations Research 8,1 (January-February, 1960): 112-132. JSTOR. Web. 10 March 2013.

In an article entitled “The Problem of the Amber Signal Light in Traffic Flow”, the authors Gazis, Herman, and Maradudin, consider the dilemma created by the yellow or caution phase of traffic lights.  The authors in particular define the term “dilemma zone” as being that certain phase in whether a driver has to consider either stopping or going when the caution light appears on a traffic light.  The authors stress this aspect of driving in order to illustrate the need for traffic light systems to be designed considering the timing of the light as for a driver to decide how to proceed safely through an intersection with traffic lights.  The authors’ intended audience are those who design traffic light systems as to take into consideration the proper timing of the caution phase of traffic lights for safety purposes.

Lun, K.M., and Wong, Y.D. “Impacts on Red Light Camera on Violation Characteristics” Journal of Transportation Engineering 129.6 (November/December 2003): 648-656. Academic Search Premier. Web. 5 March 2013.

In the article “Impacts on Red Light Camera on Violation Characteristics” the authors Lun and Wong consider the subject of red light cameras from a statistical point of view with observations made at specific intersections before and after the cameras are emplaced. The authors’ research takes into account such factors as geometry, volume of traffic, speed, and signal design at the specified intersections with and without the cameras.  In considering the parameters of approach speed and distance from the stop line in terms of the specified factors, the authors illustrate statistically the effectiveness of the cameras in order to show that there is a significant difference in the reduction of crashes at intersections.  The article is seen to be intended for planners of municipalities as well as those who design traffic safety systems taking into consideration the effects of red light cameras in the promotion of traffic safety at guarded intersections.

Retting, Richard A., and Kyrychenko, Sergey. “Reductions in Injury Crashes associated with Red Light Camera Enforcement in Oxnard, California.” American Journal of Public Health 92.11 (November 2002): 1822-1825. Academic Search Premier. Web. 5 March 2013.

In an article entitled “Reductions in Injury Crashes associated with Red Light Camera Enforcement in Oxnard, California”, the authors Retting and Kyrychenko statistically consider the subject of red light cameras in the specified locale.  The authors illustrate the difference the cameras make in reducing crashes at specific intersections through the use of tables and statistical data.   The authors utilize a before and after approach in terms of the cameras in order to show the significant reduction of crashes at the specific intersections and thus illustrating the effectiveness of the cameras.  The authors intended audience is seen to be those individuals that  design traffic systems as well as those that run and plan communities as to enhance safer driving conditions particularly at guarded intersections.

            In an article entitled “Controversies and Speed Cameras: Lessons Learnt Internationally”, the authors Delaney, Ward, Cameron, and Williams consider the controversial subject of speeding and cameras used by municipalities to enforce speed limit laws.  They consider the subject globally in such countries as Australia and Great Britain as well as within North America in terms of parameters such as fairness, revenue, reliability, and privacy.  The authors examine the subject internationally with such parameters in mind to stress that such cameras have been successful in enforcing speed limit laws in order to counter the argument that the cameras are controversial in consideration of the mentioned parameters. The article is seen as intended for leaders of municipalities considering the use of speeding cameras in their locales considering the advantages and flaws of such technological use in enforcing speeding laws.

In an article entitled “The Problem of the Amber Signal Light in Traffic Flow”, the authors Gazis, Herman, and Maradudin consider the dilemma created by the yellow or caution phase of traffic lights.  The authors in particular define the term “dilemma zone” as being that certain phase in whether a driver has to consider either stopping or going when the caution light appears on a traffic light.  The authors stress this aspect of driving in order to illustrate the need for traffic light systems to be designed considering the timing of the light as for a driver to decide how to proceed safely through an intersection with traffic lights.  The authors’ intended audience are those who design traffic light systems as to take into consideration the proper timing of the caution phase of traffic lights for safety purposes.

In the article “Impacts on Red Light Camera on Violation Characteristics” the authors Lun and Wong consider the subject of red light cameras from a statistical point of view with observations made at specific intersections before and after the cameras are emplaced. The authors’ research takes into account such factors as geometry, volume of traffic, speed, and signal design at the specified intersections with and without the cameras.  In considering the parameters of approach speed and distance from the stop line in terms of the specified factors, the authors illustrate statistically the effectiveness of the cameras in order to show that there is a significant difference in the reduction of crashes at intersections.  The article is seen to be intended for planners of municipalities as well as those who design traffic safety systems taking into consideration the effects of red light cameras in the promotion of traffic safety at guarded intersections.

In an article entitled “Reductions in Injury Crashes associated with Red Light Camera Enforcement in Oxnard, California”, the authors Retting and Kyrychenko statistically consider the subject of red light cameras in the specified locale.  The authors illustrate the difference the cameras make in reducing crashes at specific intersections through the use of tables and statistical data.   The authors utilize a before and after approach in terms of the cameras in order to show the significant reduction of crashes at the specific intersections and thus illustrating the effectiveness of the cameras.  The authors intended audience is seen to be those individuals that  design traffic systems as well as those that run and plan communities as to enhance safer driving conditions particularly at guarded intersections.

Chapter 13 Rhetorical précis

            In Chapter 13 of the book Good Reasons the authors Lester Faigley and Jack Selzer define the concept of Proposal Arguments.  The authors give definition to this type of paper through a flow chart diagram as well as an outline.  In illustrating the process of how a writer should pursue a proposal argument, the authors state how to define a problem and its solution in order to draft an effective argument making a case for action to the problem of interest.  The concept is seen to benefit research writers in finding and proposing solutions to problems that are of the public interest.